Dans le cours d'anglais d'aujourd'hui, il n'est pas question de grammaire anglaise ou encore de vocabulaire. Nous allons tous simplement faire un petit rappel sur la conjugaison et principalement, la conjugaison anglaise du verbe TO BE
Conjugaison de BE
Forme Affirmative | Forme Négative | Forme Interrogative |
I am (I'm) | I am not (I'm not) | Am I? |
You are (You're) | You are not (You aren't) | Are you? |
He is (He's) | He is not (He isn't) | Is he? |
She is (She's) | She is not (She isn't) | Is she? |
It is (It's) | It is not (It isn't) | Is it? |
We are (We're) | We are not (We aren't) | Are we? |
You are (You're) | You are not (You aren't) | Are you? |
They are (They're) | They are not (They aren't) | Are they? |
Conjugaison de DO (verbe exemple)
Forme Affirmative | Forme Négative | Forme Interrogative |
I do | I do not do(I don't do) | Do I do? |
You do | You do not do(You don't do) | Are you? |
He does | He does not do(He doesn't do) | Does he do? |
She does) | She does not do(She doesn't do) | Does she do? |
It does | It does not do(It doesn't do) | Does it do? |
We do | We do not do(We don't do) | Do we do? |
You do | You do not do(You don't do) | Do you do? |
They do | They do not do(They don't do) | Do they do? |
LE PRÉSENT SIMPLE ET EN BE-ING
1. LE PRÉSENT SIMPLE
Formation
I work | I don't work | Do I work … ? |
You work | You don't work | Do you work… ? |
He works | He doesn't work | Does he work… ? |
She works | She doesn't work | Does she work… ? |
It works | It doesn't work | Does it work… ? |
We work | We don't work | Do we work… ? |
You work | You don't work | Do you work… ? |
They work | They don't work | Do they work… ? |
Forme affirmative | Forme négative | Forme interrogative |
A la troisième personne du singulier, on ajoute un –s à la base verbale, à la forme affirmative
- He reads
- She works
Lorsque le verbe se termine par –s, -x, -sh, -ch, ou par –o, on ajoute –es.
- She watches
- She washes
- She mixes
- She goes
- She does
Aux formes négative et interrogative, le verbe est en base verbale et c'est l'auxiliaire qui prend la marque de la troisième personne.
- Does she work?
- She doesn't work.
EMPLOI
Le présent simple s'emploie pour exprimer :
- Des vérités générales
- The sun rises in the East : le soleil se lève àl'Est.
- La permanence d'une situation :
- I live in France : J'habite en France.
- Les habitudes ou la fréquence :
- I usually get up at 7.00 : d'habitude, je me lève à sept heures.
- He plays tennis twice a week : il joue au tennis deux fois par semaine.
- Une opinion, un goût, une volonté :
- I think : je pense
- I agree : je suis d'accord
- I like : j'aime
- I know : je sais
- I remember : je me souviens
2.LE PRÉSENT EN BE-ING
Formation
I am working | I am not working | Am I working? |
You are working | You aren't working | Are you working? |
He is working | He isn't working | Is he working? |
She is working | She isn't working | Is she working? |
It is working | It isn't working | Is it working? |
We are working | We aren't working | Are we working? |
You are working | You aren't working | Are you working? |
They are working | They aren't working | Are they working? |
Forme affirmative | Forme négative | Forme interrogative |
Emploi
- Pour commenter une action en cours de déroulement
- She is preparing dinner : elle prépare le diner en ce moment.
- Pour exprimer une action prévue dans un avenir proche
- What are you doing this weekend? : que fais-tu ce week end? (quels sont tes projets?)
- La forme en Be-ing est incompatible avec des verbes qui expriment des goûts (like, love, hate…) ou des processus de pensée (want, know, remember, understand…)